Whats is Topology

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Whats is Topology


A network topology refers to the physical arrangements or the network layout in which all the devices are interconnected to communicate on the network. It defines manner in which cables are arranged.

There are two types of topologies

1.   Physical

     It refers to configurations of cables, computers and other peripherals.

2.   logical

    It bounds to the network protocol which directs   the data transfer across a network.


Types of physical topologies

 (01) Bus
 (02) Ring
 (03) Star
 (04) Mash
 (05) Hybrid
                                         

                       BUS TOPOLOGY




-A linear bus topology consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end.
-All nodes (file server, workstations, and peripherals) are connected to the linear cable

-It is use T connector:

Advantages of BUS Topology

-Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a  bus.
-Requires less cable length than a star topology.
-Easy to transfer.

Disadvantages of BUS Topology


-if backbone cable is not work properly whole network is shut down.

-Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.
-High collision.
-Always broadcast.

                    RING Topology

-Ring topology, pc are connecting like ring.
-In a ring topology network computers are connected by a single loop of cable,
-Ring topology is an active topology because each computer repeats (boosts) the signals.
-If there is a line break, or if you are adding or removing a device anywhere in the ring this will bring down the network.
-Data is sending through token passing method.

 

 Advantages of RING Topology


-Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a  bus.
-Requires less cable length than a star topology.

-Essay to transferable.

Disadvantages of RING Topology



-Network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable.

-Minimum two Lan card are required in single pc.

-It is expensive.

-Difficult to troubleshoot.


                     STAR Topology


-Star networks are one of the most common computer network topologies.

-A star configuration is simple: Each of several devices has its own cable that connects to a central hub.





Advantages of STAR Topology

-Data Packets are sent quickly as they do not have to travel through any unnecessary nodes.

-No speed divided.

-Essay to troubleshoot.
Disadvantages of STAR Topology

-Expensive because of additional cabling and central hub / switch require.
-If the centralize device fails the entire system is affected & shuts down.



                   MESH Topology




ž-In This topology generally routers are not in use , only computers are connected with every pc .

-All devices are connecting to all devices.

-Multiple path is use for data sending.

-Find cable =N( N-1)/2     N=number of pc

-Suitable for LAN only.



Advantages of MESH Topology

-it is use heavy network.

-Network never stop to work.

-High speed.

Disadvantages of MESH Topology


-Expensive because of additional cabling are require.

-It is hard to manage.

-Its hard to transfer.

-High expensive.


                      HYBRID Topology



-When we are network connecting two or more than two topologies at that time, its called hybrid topology.

-It is hard to manage.

-Internet is work on hybrid topology base.



Advantanges of HYBRID Topology 
-it is use in heavy network.
-Network never stop to work.
Disadvantages of HYBRID Topology

    -Expensive because of additional cabling are require.

    -It is hard to manage.

    -Its hard to transfer.

    -High expensive.


Some other information about Topology
-All topologies are batter but depend upon situation.
- topologies are used as situation or base on money and speed.
-Less money – less speed, bus is best.
-High speed and high expenses star is best.
Temporary base ring is best. 

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